β-N-methylamino-L-alanine hydrochloride (BMAA hydrochloride) 是一种蓝细菌产生的神经毒素，可能导致肌萎缩性侧索硬化症 (ALS) 以及其他可能的神经退行性疾病。

IM-156 acetate, an activator of NADH dehydrogenase (IC50=2.2 μM) and AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα), is an orally available and bioavailable inhibitor of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos).IM-156 acetate increases AMPKα activity and inhibits chlorhexadiene-induced peritoneal fibrosis and inhibit tumor growth in rats .

Transdermal Peptide TFA (TD 1 Peptide TFA) is an 11-amino acid polypeptide that binds to Na+/K+ -atpase beta-subunit (ATP1B1) and interacts with the C terminal of ATP1B1.Transdermal Peptide TFA can enhance the transmission of some large molecules in the skin.